Affirmations and Denials Essential to a Consistent Christian (Biblical) Worldview

The following affirmations and denials reflect the almost universal consensus of the church throughout history, until the early 19th century. Their substance, rigorously defended by many past and present scholars, is currently rejected by a large portion of the contemporary worldwide church and, sadly, by many Christian scholars involved in explaining and defending the Christian worldview. Therefore, as an addendum to the affirmations and denials of the International Council on Biblical Inerrancy and of the International Church Council, the undersigned present these affirmations and denials to the Church as an essential part of the presentation of the Christian worldview to the world of the 21st century. If you agree, have at least a master’s in some field of theology, and want to add your name to the list of signatories, follow the instructions at the end of this document.

1. We affirm that the scientific aspects of creation are important, but are secondary in importance to the proclamation of the gospel of Jesus Christ as Sovereign, Creator, Redeemer, and Judge.
   We deny that the doctrines of Creator and Creation can ultimately be divorced from the gospel of Jesus Christ, for the teachings of Genesis are foundational to the gospel and indeed to all Biblical doctrines (directly or indirectly).
2. We affirm that the 66 books of the Bible are the written Word of God. The Bible is divinely inspired and inerrant throughout. Its assertions are factually true in all the original autographs. It is the supreme authority, not only in all matters of faith and conduct, but in everything that it teaches.
   We deny that the Bible’s authority is limited to spiritual, religious or redemptive themes and we deny the exclusion of its authority from its assertions related to such fields as history and science.
3. We affirm that the final guide to the interpretation of Scripture is Scripture itself. Scripture must be compared with Scripture to obtain the correct interpretation of a particular text, and clear Scriptures must be used to interpret ambiguous texts, not vice versa. We affirm that the special revelation of infallible and inerrant Scripture must be used to correctly interpret the general revelation of the cursed Creation.
   We deny that uninspired sources of truth-claims (i.e., history, archeology, science, etc.) can be used to interpret the Scriptures to mean something other than the meaning obtained by classical historical-grammatical exegesis. We further deny the view, commonly used to evade the implications or the authority of Biblical teaching, that Biblical truth and scientific truth must remain totally exclusive from each other and that science could never agree with the Bible.
4. We affirm that no apparent, perceived, or claimed evidence in any field, including history, archeology and science, can be considered valid if it contradicts the Scriptural record. We also affirm that the evidence from such fields of inquiry is always subject to interpretation by fallible people who do not possess all information.
   We deny that scientific "evidence" used to "prove" millions of years is objective fact and not heavily influenced by naturalistic presuppositions.
5. We affirm that the account of origins presented in Genesis is a simple but factual presentation of actual events and therefore provides a reliable framework for scientific research into the question of the origin and history of life, mankind, the Earth and the universe.
   We deny that Genesis 1–11 is myth, saga, or any other type of non-historical literature. We also deny that it is a parable or prophetic vision. It therefore should be interpreted with the same care for literal accuracy as other historical narrative sections of Scripture in, for example, Joshua, Judges, 1 and 2 Kings, the Gospels, and Acts.
6. We affirm that the genealogies in Genesis 5 and 11 are chronological, enabling us to arrive at an approximate date of creation of the whole universe. We affirm that mankind is essentially as old as the whole creation. While some disagreement exists between young-earth creationists over whether or not these are strict, gap-less genealogies (i.e., no missing names between Adam and Noah and Noah and Abraham), we affirm that Genesis points to a date of creation between about 6, 000–10, 000 years ago.
   We deny that millions of years of history occurred before Adam and Eve. Therefore we deny that the geological record of strata and fossils corresponds to long geological ages before man. We also deny the Big Bang and any other naturalistic theory of the origin and history of the universe. We further deny that the radiometric dating methods, which are claimed to give dates of millions of years, are trustworthy and can be used to overthrow or disregard the Biblical teaching on the age of the creation. We further deny that the Egyptian, Chinese, or other pagan chronologies are more reliable than the Bible’s chronological statements and we deny that those pagan chronologies can be used to overrule the careful exegesis of the relevant Biblical texts regarding the age of the earth and other Old Testament events.
7. We affirm that the days in Genesis do not correspond to geologic ages, but are six, consecutive, literal (essentially twenty-four hour) days of Creation.
   We deny that the days of creation are symbolic of long ages or that millions of years can be placed between the days or before the six days of creation.
8. We affirm that the various original life forms (kinds), including mankind, were made by direct, supernatural, creative acts of God. The living descendants of any of the original kinds (apart from man) may represent more than one species today, reflecting the genetic potential within a particular original created kind. Only relatively limited biological changes (due to such processes as natural selection, mutations, and other biological processes that might be discovered in the future) have occurred naturally within each kind since Creation.
   We deny that there has ever been any evolutionary change from one of the original created kinds into a different kind (e.g., fish to amphibian, reptile to mammal, reptile to bird, ape to man, or land mammal to whale, etc.).
9. We affirm the supernatural creation of Adam from dust and the supernatural creation of Eve from Adam’s rib in a very short period of time (seconds or minutes) on the sixth day of Creation.
   We deny that Adam was in any way made from a pre-existing hominid (or any other living creature). We further deny the existence of any creatures which looked or acted like man but which did not possess a soul. We deny also that categories of creatures such as "Neanderthal Man" and "Cro-Magnon Man" were pre- or sub-human (rather than being fully human descendants of Adam).
10. We affirm that the account of the Fall of Adam and Eve into sin is a literal historical account and that the Fall had cosmic consequences. We also affirm that both physical and spiritual death and bloodshed entered into this world subsequent to, and as a direct consequence of, man’s sin. We further affirm that this historical Fall is the reason for the necessity of salvation for mankind through the redemptive work of the "last Adam, " Jesus Christ.
    We deny that the account of the Fall was mythical, figurative, or otherwise largely symbolic. While certain aspects of Genesis 1–11 are typological with reference to the work of Christ, we deny that this in anyway negates or eliminates the literal historicity of the text. We deny that the judgment of God at the Fall resulted only in the spiritual death of man or only consequences for man but not for the rest of animate and inanimate creation. We, therefore, also deny that millions of years of death, disease, violence, and extinction occurred in the animal world before the Fall and thereby deny that those millions of years claimed by the evolutionary scientific establishment ever happened.
11. We affirm that the great Flood described in Genesis 6–9 was an actual historic event, worldwide (global) in its extent and extremely catastrophic in its effect. As such, it produced most (but not all) of the geological record of thousands of meters of strata and fossils that we see on the earth’s surface today.
    We deny that Noah’s Flood was limited to a localized region (e.g., the Mesopotamian valley of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers). We also deny that the Flood was so peaceful that it left no abiding geological evidence. We further deny that the thousands of meters of sedimentary rock formations with their fossilized remains were largely produced after or before the Flood or even before Adam.
12. We affirm that all people living and dead are descended from Adam and Eve and that as such all people equally bear the image of God, their Maker. We, therefore, affirm that there is only one race of human beings and that the various people groups (with their various languages, cultures, and distinctive physical characteristics, including skin color) arose as a result of God’s supernatural judgment at the Tower of Babel and the subsequent dispersion of the people by families.
    We deny that the so-called "races" have different origins and that any one "race" is superior to any other.

We, the undersigned, call on the Church to embrace these affirmations and denials as they are explicitly taught or implied by Holy Scripture and are consistent with the historic belief of the Church prior to the rise of old-earth ("deep time") theories in geology and astronomy in the late 18th and early 19th centuries and evolutionary theories since that time.

Original Signatories

Terry Mortenson, PhD
Answers in Genesis
Hebron, KY

William Barrick, ThD
The Master’s Seminary
Sun Valley, CA

Trevor Craigen, ThD
The Master’s Seminary
Sun Valley, CA

John MacArthur, DD
Grace Community Church
Sun Valley, CA

Robert McCabe, ThD
Detroit Baptist Theological Seminary
Detroit, MI

Paul Scharf, MDiv
Whitcomb Ministries
Indianapolis, IN

Todd Beall, PhD
Capital Bible Seminary
Lanham, MD

David W. Hall, PhD
Midway Presbyterian Church
Powder Springs, GA

Thane H. Ury, PhD
United Wesleyan Graduate Institute
HONG KONG

Richard Mayhue, ThD
The Master’s Seminary
Sun Valley, CA

Ron Minton, ThD
Missionary
UKRAINE

John Whitcomb, ThD
Whitcomb Ministries
Indianapolis, IN

James Mook, ThD
Capital Bible Seminary
Lanham, MD

Travis R. Freeman, PhD
Baptist College of Florida
Graceville, FL

James Stambaugh, PhD candidate
Baptist Bible Seminary
Clarks Summitt, PA

Steven W. Boyd, PhD
The Master’s College
Santa Clarita, CA

Editor’s note

One of the appendices of Coming to Grips with Genesis is the above document "Affirmations and Denials Essential to a Consistent Christian (Biblical) Worldview, " which is meant to be a supplement to the affirmations and denials in the statements on biblical inerrancy and biblical hermeneutics by the International Council on Biblical Inerrancy published in the early 1980s. As helpful as those documents were for the church’s understanding of Scripture, the authors of Coming to Grips with Genesis believe that the statements related to creation, evolution, and the age of the earth were inadequate and opened the door to false ideas in the church. We invite others who are theologically trained (with at least a master’s degree in some field of theology) and agree with us to add their names to the list of signatories and to do all they can to encourage Christians in their sphere of influence to embrace, teach, and defend these additional affirmations and denials. To add your name to this list of signatories, please follow the instructions on this form.

We realize it will take a few minutes to supply us with the information we need to confidently add your name to the list of signatories. But the reality is that we must be very careful in how we collect signatures. Otherwise our enemies (inside and outside the church) will exploit an easier process to fraudulently say they are evangelical theologians and sign on and then later attack us for being naïve and sloppy in how we gather names and thereby accuse creationists of being sloppy, naïve and ignorant in everything we do.

Luther was willing make the effort to nail the 95 thesis on the door of the Wittenberg church, come what may, and millions of Christians before and since have been willing to stand for the truth of God’s Word in spite of prison or even death.

So, if you agree with this document, please take the relatively few minutes needed to stake your name on this document, which is taking a stand in the face of massive compromise with millions of years in the church worldwide, compromise that is undermining the authority and reliability of the Word of Almighty God. To sign on, follow the instructions on this form.

Subsequent Signatories

David Pitman, ThD
Addyston Baptist Church
Addyston, OH

David Mapes, PhD
Luther Rice Seminary
Lithonia, GA

Richard James Griffith, PhD
Singapore Bible College
SINGAPORE

Terry A. Chaney, ThM
Ozark Christian College
Joplin, MO

Ernest Baker, DMin
The Master’s College and Seminary
Santa Clarita, CA

Geoffrey E. Bare, MA
Ozark Christian College
Joplin, MO

Dennis A. Hutchison, ThD
The Master’s College
Santa Clarita, CA

Sid Galloway, MDiv
Northlake Christian School
Covington, LA

James P. Breckenridge, PhD
Hannam Village Chapel
Cedarville, OH

Richard Shalom Yates, PhD
Capital Bible Seminary
Fairfax, VA

David Diez, MDiv, ThM
Miami Bible Church
Miami Springs, FL

Richard D. Lanser, Jr., MDiv
Associates for Biblical Research
Elverson, PA

Michael D. Hildenbrand, PhD
Toccoa Falls College
Toccoa, GA

Reed K. Merino, MDiv
Retired
Norristown, PA

Frank R. Ellis, Jr., ThM
Retired
Cleveland, TN

David M. Doran, DMin
Detroit Baptist Theological Seminary
Allen Park, MI

Mr. Thomas Hilgeman, MA
ACSI Latinoamerica
GUATEMALA

Claude Wiggins, DMin
Detroit Baptist Theological Seminary
Detroit, MI

David McKinley, MDiv
RWD Corp
Springdale, AR

Michael Maggard, MDiv
Grace Evangelical Free Church
Louisville, KY

Mark Girardin, MDiv
Trinity Lutheran Church and School
Centralia, IL

James Braden, MS
Hope Bible Church
Columbus Junction, IA

William Fay, MDiv
Retired
York, PA

Harry Trent, MDiv
Providence Centralia Hospital
Centralia, WA

Curtis J. Lamansky, PhD
Northland International University
Dunbar, WI

Andrew S. Kulikovsky, BAppSc (Hons), MA
Saab Systems Australia Pty Ltd
Wynn Vale, SA

Seth M. Rodriquez, PhD
The Mirazon Group
Louisville, KY

Steven K. Haught, ThD
Global Missions Network Int’l
Doylestown, PA

Timothy C. Kezar, MA, Biblical Studies
New Covenant Baptist Church
North Berwick, ME

Jorge Vargas Ramirez, ThM
R Consultant Enterprise
Allen Park, MI

Robert Edmer Suran, ThM
Growth Ministries
Decatur, AL

James A. Borland, ThD
Liberty University
Lynchburg, VA

Joseph A. Pipa, Jr., PhD
Grenville Presbyterian Theological Seminary
Taylors, SC

Gary Gromacki, PhD
Baptist Bible Seminary
Clarks Summit, PA

R. Bruce Compton, ThD
Detroit Baptist Theological Seminary
Allen Park, MI

Stephen R. Lewis, PhD
Rocky Mountain Bible College
Englewood, CO

Christopher Barnes, MA
St. Luke Evangelical Free Church
Wellington, MO

Kent D. Maxwell, DMin, MA
Retired
Huntington, IN

Gerald L. Priest, PhD
Detroit Baptist Theological Seminary
Allen Park, MI

David M. Fouts, ThD
Independent Scholar in Old Testament Studies
Dayton, TN

Theodore A. Noel II, MD
JLR Medical Group
Maitland, FL

James Paul Tanner, PhD
BEE World ministry
Bullard, TX

Matthew A. Postiff, PhD
Fellowship Bible Church
Ann Arbor, MI

Rev. Patrick Varley Dye, MA, BS
Macedonia Baptist Church
Blythewood, SC

Danny Conn, EdD
Randall House Publications
Antioch, TN

Steven L. Sorensen, DMin
Providence Christian Church
Bargersville, IN

William W. Combs, ThD
Detroit Baptist Theological Seminary
Allen Park, MI

Dennis Frey, ThD
Master’s Int’l School of Divinity
Evansville, IN

Bill Goddard, MS
Youth with a Mission
Salem, OR

Keith Kelley, MDiv
First Baptist Church
Clearwater, KS

Richard Ivance, MDiv
New Life Church
Woodbury, MN

Jonathan Fodge, DMin
Peninsula Evangelical Friends Church
Port Angeles, WA

Kenneth Sheets, MDiv
Temple Baptist Bible College and Seminary
Virginia Beach, VA

John Botkin, MDiv
Bangor Baptist Church
Bay City, MI

Donald Allen Knapp, ThM
Retired
Kernersville, NC

Michael Bussen, MATS
Open Air Campaigners
Bangor, PA

John A. Tibai, ThM
Maybee Congregational Christian Church
Maybee, MI

Joel D. Heck, ThD
Concordia University Texas
Austin, TX

John Brackbill, MDiv
The Bible Church
Port Washington, NY

John G. Weldon, DMin, PhD
The John Ankerberg Show
Chattanooga, TN

Richard G. Schnieders, PhD
Friendship Community Church
Fort Myers, FL

Henry B. Smith Jr, MA, MAR
Associations for Biblical Research
Akron, PA

Jason Duckett, MDiv, DMin
Moundville Baptist Church
Moundville, AL